Energy Engineering

Citing and referencing the information sources used in student assignments and research is essential to avoid plagiarism. 

The OWL (Online Writing Lab) is a good place to start if  you need advice or help with paraphrasing, avoiding plagiarism or getting started with a particular citation style.

Journal Abbreviations

Abbreviated journal titles may be required depending on the citation style used. Some useful tools which 'translate' the full journal title into the abbreviated version are:

1. Web of Science Journals
2. CASSI
3. All that JAS

Reference manager software

Tip: Check with your module co-ordinator or supervisor as there may be an in-house style requirement for your dissertation or assignment.

IEEE Citation Guidelines: how to cite references (updated 2022):  the IEEE citation style is used primarily for electronics, engineering, telecommunications, computer science, and information technology reports.  It's based on the numeric, Vancouver style and is easy to use.

If you're using Harvard and want an introduction to the Harvard referencing style use these getting started videos:

• Harvard Referencing - the basics
• Harvard Referencing - using in-text citations
• Harvard Referencing - creating a reference list