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Referencing and Plagiarism

Guide to citing sources and plagiarism

What is referencing and why?

Once you put your research on paper, you must cite the sources of information (books, journal articles, www documents) that you have consulted during the course of your theses/research project. 

Why must I reference?

  • In order to give credit to ideas and quotations used from other people's work and to allow your readers to retrieve references and find further information about the topic.
  • Support ideas and arguments you have made
  • Demonstrate that you have read widely around the subject
  • Allows the reader to find the sources that you have used
  • Helps you to avoid plagiarism

There are two steps you need to take in documenting the sources you have used:

  • Citing sources within the text of your paper
  • Providing a list at the end of your work using a reference list or bibliography.

Useful resource

Reference list

There are a number of details that can be included in a reference depending on the type of source (i.e. a book, journal, conference paper etc). As many of the following items as possible should be included:

  • Author(s) or editor(s) full name or the group/body/organisation responsible
  • Title of article or chapter
  • Name of journal, periodical or book
  • Edition
  • Publisher’s name
  • Place of publication (for a book)
  • Year of publication
  • Volume number (for journal)
  • Issue number (for journal)
  • Page numbers