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Artificial Intelligence (AI) Literacy

Guide to using AI responsibly for desk-based research. Including literature review and other writing assignments.

Gen AI & AI tools

This section contains links to research tools that are based on AI technology.  This is not an exhaustive list but a selection of tools that offer slightly different assistance with desk-based research.  Please note some of the tools, like Elicit and Perplexity offer search with generative capability using RAG technology, other tools like Research Rabbit focus on exploration of a topic through citation mapping.  Each tool has the potential to be helpful, you need to decide which aspect of your work you need help with.

PLEASE NOTE: Inclusion of a product in this guide does not constitute an endorsement.  You should review each product based on how it can help you with your work.  Reflect on which product is  best for you and remember to evaluate all output from an AI tool.

A generative AI chatbot uses an LLM to create human-like responses to questions or prompts. It is not a search engine.  Search engines, like Google use keywords to look for specific information from the internet, whereas the generated responses from ChatGPT are based on statistical predictions of the next most likely work in a sequence.  ChatGPT is perhaps the most well known tool, but there are others out there. For example, Claude.ai, Perplexity.ai or Microsoft Co-pilot.

Using a gen AI chatbot (7 min video) to help you get started with your research. Please confirm that you have permission to use any AI tools with your school or lecturer.

Research Rabbit  produces interactive visualisations of citation networks based on seed papers. This includes papers published earlier, later or contemporarily to your seed papers. Could be particularly useful in identifying connections between authors or papers you hadn’t noticed before.

  • Generates potentially relevant citations based on a seed paper.
  • Creates interactive visualizations of your citation network
  • Integrates with Zotero
  • Create alerts
  • Information source: PubMed and Semantic Scholar
  • Does NOT include content from books

Cost to access: Free

How to get started

Litmaps maps literature based your seed papers or keywords. Creates a visualisation of your literature and   could help you to spot gaps in the current research literature.

  • Search by keyword or seed paper
  • Generates potentially relevant citations based on a seed paper or keyword
  • Integrates with Zotero, EndNote and Mendeley
  • Create a visualisation of papers that are connected by citations
  • Create alerts
  • Organise information using “Tags”
  • Information source: from Crossref, Semantic Scholar and OpenAlex
  • Share your maps with colleagues

Cost to access: 1 Litmap for free.  Otherwise, there is a subscription for premium services

How to get started

Scite Assistant combines generative search capability and quantitative and qualitative information about citations.  By agreement with some publishers, Scite has access to materials behind paywalls.  This gives it an advantage over other tools in the field.

  • The generative search capability means that you can ask a question instead of using keywords.
  • Integrates with Zotero
  • Provides smart citation information.  This is extra information about the context of the quote.  For example, stating if a quote supports, provides contrasting evidence.  (This is not always accurate)
  • Includes information from PubMed
  • Can find missing citation details
  • Can detect retractions
  • Grey literature (conference proceedings, theses) and books and book chapters not included.

Cost to access: Subscription (free 7 day trial)

How to get started

Elicit is a research assistant that combines a generative search capability with summarization.  It can also extract key information from a text, which could make it helpful for anyone conducting a systematic or scoping review

  • Summarises the top 4 papers in a topic
  • Search for information using a question instead of Boolean search
  • Can extract key information for papers
  • Information Sources: Semantic Scholar
  • Integrates with Zotero
  • Help with data extraction for systematic literature reviews
  • Upload papers that you haven’t found on Elicit

How to get started

Cost to access: Subscription

SciSpace can summarise text, interact with a pdf and explain mathematical functions.

  • Search for information using a question instead of Boolean search
  • Summarises top papers in a topic
  • Chat function
  • Can extract key information for papers (conclusions, results, limitations)
  • Information source: Open access materials (250 million +)
  • Citation analysis
  • Has paraphrasing tool
  • Analyse pdf documents

Cost to access: Free version available.  Some advanced features will require a subscription

How to get started

This work is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0